Time [saa]
Most languages of Eastern Africa tell the time of the day by referring to 12 hours of day time and 12 hours of night time:
7:00 am is referred to as saa moja asubuhi to mean that it is the first hour of the day.
7:00 pm is called saa moja usiku to indicate that it is the first hour of the night.
A). Times of Day |
| saa moja [first hour] 7:00 am / pm saa mbili [second hour] 8:00 am / pm saa tatu [third hour] 9:00 am / pm saa nne [fourth hour] 10:00 am / pm saa tano [fifth hour] 11:00 am / pm saa sita [sixth hour] 12:00 am / pm saa saba [seventh hour] 1:00 am / pm saa nane [eighth hour] 2:00 am / pm saa tisa [ninth hour] 3:00 am / pm saa kumi [tenth hour] 4:00 am / pm saa kumi na moja [eleventh hour] 5:00 am / pm saa kumi na mbili [twelfth hour] 6:00 am / pm |
B). Vocabulary |
| asubuhi [morning] mchana [afternoon] adhuhuri [midday] alasiri [late afternoon/early evening] jioni/machweo/machwa/magharibi[evening] mafungia ngombe[between evening and 11 pm] usiku[night] usiku mchanga[between 7 pm and 11 pm] usiku mkuu/usiku wamanane[between midnight and 3 am] |
majogoo[between 3 am and 4 am]
machweo/mawio/mapambazuko[early morning, pre-dawn]
alfajiri[dawn]
mafungulia ngombe[between 8 am and 11 am]
C). How to state time |
| Kwa Kiingereza Kwa Kiswahili |
| 7 am saa moja asubuhi 8 am saa mbili asubuhi 9 am saa tatu asubuhi 10 am saa nne asubuhi 11 am saa tano asubuhi 12 pm saa sita mchana 1 pm saa saba mchana 2 pm saa nane mchana 3 pm saa tisa mchana4 pm saa kumi jioni5 pm saa kumi na moja jioni6 pm saa kumi na mbili jioni7 pm saa moja usiku8 pm saa mbili usiku9 pm saa tatu usiku10 pm saa nne usiku11 pm saa tano usiku12 am saa sita usiku1 am saa saba usiku2 am saa nane usiku3 am saa tisa usiku4 am saa kumi alfajiri5 am saa kumi na moja alfajiri6 am saa kumi na mbili alfajiri |
D). Other important vocabularies of time | |
| a). saa [hour] b). dakika [minutes] c). sekunde [seconds] | saa sita mchana/ saa sita kamili mchana [12:00 pm] saa kumi na dakika kumi jioni [4:10 pm] saa tano na nusu na sekundeishirini na tano asubuhi [11:30:25 am] |
| d). nusu [half] e). kamili [exact] | saa nne na nusu asubuhi [10:30 am] saa tisa kamili usiku/ saa tisa usiku [3:00 am sharp] saa sita na robo mchana/ saa sita na dakika kumi na tano mchana [12:15 pm] saa nne kasororobo asubuhi/ saa nne na dakika arobaini na tano asubuhi [9:45 am] |
f). robo [quarter after]
g). kasororobo [quarter to]
| Zingatia [Note] | |
| saa ngapi? Saa ngapi? sasa | [time] [what?] [What time?] [now] |
| Question Formation |
| Mifano: |
| 1. Ni saa ngapi sasa / sasa ni saa ngapi?[What is the time now?] a). Sasa ni saa mbili asubuhi. [Now it is 8:00 am.] b). Ni saa mbili asubuhi. [It is 8:00 am.] 2. Ni saa ngapi?[What is the time?]Ni saa tatu usiku. [It is 9:00 pm.] 3. Utaenda nyumbani saa ngapi?[What time are you going home?] a). Nitaenda nyumbani saa nane mchana. [I will go home at 2:00 pm.] b). Nitaenda saa nane mchana. [I will go at 2:00 pm.] 4. Utakula chakula cha asubuhi/mchana/usiku saa ngapi?[What time will you eat breakfast/lunch/dinner?] a). Nitakula chakula cha mchana saa sabamchana.[I will eat lunch at 1:00 pm.] b). Nitakula saa saba mchana. [I will eat at 1:00 pm.] |
5. Ulilala saa ngapi jana?[What time did you sleep yesterday?]
a). Jana nililala saa tano usiku. [Yesterday I slept at 11:00 pm.]
b). Nililala saa tano usiku. [I slept at 11:00 pm.]
6. Utaenda karamuni/filamuni/Kansas City/Michigan saa ngapi?[What time are you going to the party/movie/Kansas City/Michigan?]
a). Nitaenda karamuni/filamuni/Kansas City/Michigan saa sita usiku.
[I will go to the party/movie/Kansas City/Michigan at midnight.]
b). Nitaenda saa sita usiku. [I will go at 12:00 am.]
7. Utacheza saa ngapi?[What time will you play?]Nitacheza saa _________. [I will play at _________.]
8. Utaimba saa ngapi?[What time will you sing?]Nitaimba _________. [I will sing at _________.]
9. Utamaliza kazi ya nyumbani saa ngapi?[What time will you finish doing homework?]
a). Nitamaliza kazi ya nyumbani saa _____. [I finish doing homework at _____.]
b). Nitamaliza __________. [I will finish at________.]
10. Utafundisha Kiswahili saa ngapi?[What time will you teach Kiswahili?]
a). Nitafundisha Kiswahili ___________. [I will teach Kiswahili at________.]
b). Nitafundisha _____________. [I will teach at ________.]
11. Utapika kuku/pizza saa ngapi?[What time will you cook chicken/pizza?]
a). Nitapika kuku/pizza saa _________. [I will cook chicken/pizza at _____.]
b). Nitapika ___________. [I will cook at __________.]
12. Utafika darasani saa ngapi?[What time will you reach class?]
a). Nitafika darasani saa _________. [I will reach class at _________.]
b). Nitafika saa _________. [It will arrive at _________.]
13. Utasafisha nyumba saa ngapi?[What time will you clean the house?]
Nitasafisha nyumba saa _________.
Nitasafisha _________.
[I will clean the house at _______.]
[I will clean at _________
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